Urban green space monitoring technique with remote sensing, its application and urban green space index [articol]

Abstract

City is the important area of earth's surface material, energy, and information exchanging; also it is the centre in national, regional political, economic, scientific and cultural aspects. A mere 10% of the global population were urban dwellers in 1900, but that percentage exceeds 50% now (Grimm et al. 2008).With the rapid economic development, city is suffering from a series of serious problems such as air pollution, solid waste pollution, vegetation reduction, deterioration of water quality and living environment. According to latest predictions, 4.9 billion people, or 60% of the world’s population, is expected to move in urban locations by 2030. The studies and analysis show significant differences in urban population (Herban et al. 2011). Those studies showed that there is a huge discrepancy between the changes in developed regions and the less developed regions. Remote sensing imagery enables rapid and efficient quantification urban eco-environment and it gives a new insight for urban environmental research. A wide range of urban remote sensing applications is available. With the availability of super high resolution remotely sensed imageries and multi-source remote sensing data, there is a great need to transform remote sensing data into useful information that we need for urban studies. High resolution remote sensing data make a clear potential to help humans to make a better understanding of their living places, to measure the biophysical parameters of urban vegetation, to model the environmental process in urban areas, to map the urban features quickly, to update the urban land covers. Romania has many areas with different environmental problems concerning: air quality, water quality, soil quality, forest health, accidental pollution caused by the chemical industry, thermal processes or oil refineries. They represent a serious threat to the environment and implicitly for the population. Disasters have also a negative impact on the environment as they are an obstacle to achieve sustainable development. Romania has endured the most sizeable and rapid urban change during the last decade. At the same time, this is a territory of substantial importance due to its significant natural and economic resources, as well as to its sensitivity with respect to unfavourable ecological impacts. Some of urban areas have undergone a considerable change in the past ten years. Therefore, urban dynamics monitoring of Romania appears to be an essential factor to the integrated urban areas management. So, we can work on urban environment models in order to understand the mechanism of environmental issues better. With the study on these mechanisms of environmental issues, we can make a better urban environmental planning to achieve the best urban environmental benefits. The level of the living environment of humans, animals and plants is rising as a result of the improvement of the ecological environment. This is not only beneficial to human health but also to the protection of endangered plant and animal species. The study has great significance to human and nature.