Estimating water movement from salt movement [articol]

Abstract

Three mechanisms operate to transport soluble salts in soils and aquifers: advection, diffusion and dispersion. Solute can interact with soil surfaces and the process is known as retardation. Advection often dominates the solute transport process. The rise of water in the soil from a free water surface has been termed capillary rise. The soil types which has been studied are Fluvisols, Chernozems, Phaeozems and Gleysols developed in accumulating alluvial deposits. The environmental conditions during the process of sedimentation invariably results in the stratified parent material of alluvial soils. Therefore, stratification is the major characteristics used to distinguish these soils. All types of soils have a high groundwater table and the water can be strong mineralized with soluble salts, predominantly sulphatic in the low plain Timi -Bega. The water movement may be calculated from soil salinity with the help of moisture content from capillary fringe and the soluble salt content during a dry period. The total evaporation from the soil profile studied is 157 mm.