dc.description.abstract |
In accordance with W.R.B – 2014 ,,soil is any
material within 2 m of the Earth’s surface that is in
contact with the atmosphere, excluding living
organisms, areas with continuous ice not covered by
other material, and water bodies deeper than 2 m. Soils
classification in the last international system, WRB – SR
(World Reference Base for Soil Resources), ST,
Referentiel Pedologique is based on diagnostic features
produced by pedogenetic processes. Soil has always been
a basic resource for sustaining human populations. Soils
served as the planting medium and also provided
material for building earthen architectural structures.
The evolution of agriculture has a strong imprint on the
land in many regions. The vegetation, slopes, valleys,
and soil cover were radically altered. The research is
based on the soil survey and site evaluation, realized in
the last 30 years. From the list of Reference Soil Group,
it can be seen that there are 32 Soil Groups with a total
area of 150205 billion ha. Maximum fertility occurs in
Chernozem (table 2), Kastanozem and Phaeozem, but
we can add also Fluvisols, with a total area of 1,115
billion ha. Is necessary to underlining that these soils
must be irrigate in droughty years. In accordance with
the Romanian Taxonomic Soil System, there are 29 soil
types, which occupied 23.660 mill.ha. The best types of
soils are distributed on 24.3 % from Romanian area. In
the west of Romania Chernozems and Phaeozems
occupy 24.08%. In the present, soil degradation and
pollution is a great problem for humanity, because 1.965
billion ha are degraded. |
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